Common Weeds 
Agronomy 105's Weed ID
Giant ragweed
Giant ragweed is also commonly called horseweed, though the true horseweed in an entirely different weed from Giant ragweed.  It is common throughout the entire north central region of the United States.  This weed is commonly found on fertile, cultivated land especially on low-laying, moist soil.  Giant ragweed is an annual plant that spreads by seed.  The stems are very coarse and can support growth of more than 18 feet.
The leaves are arranged opposite of one another on the large stem.  The lemon yellow pollen produced by Giant ragweed is responsible for much of the hay fever suffered by people, especially those living east of the Mississippi river. 
The seeds of Giant ragweed are large, wood-like, and have a pointed hull.