Table of contentsProtecting Your Non-GMO Grain From Contamination Genetic crop improvement… “Natural” corn plant sex… Results of “natural” crop sex? “Natural” GM of crops works! But, some worry… Limits to crop breeding? Genetic Engineering Transgenic Example: Bt Gene transfer techniques… Genes vs. Events Remember StarLink™? Slide 13 Example: Cry1Ab Bt gene Non-approved corn events Some grain buyers… In addition, some growers… Some organic growers… Grain contamination: How? Mechanical mixing of grain… Equipment mgmt alternatives Field operation planning… FIF – FOF in practice… Equipment hygiene… After handling GMO grain… Managing pollen drift… ‘Natural’ sex in the cornfield… Male flowers of corn… Anthers & pollen shed… Corn pollen… Female flowers of corn… Silk emergence & receptivity Pollen & silks… Pollen drift potential… Pollen contamination risk… Pollen drift evidence… Pollen drift reality… Burris, 2001… Field selection… Data collection… Outcrossing by year… Outcrossing by distance… Buffer row numbers… One percent seems small… Drift happens! Pollen drift risk management Heightened awareness… Identify & document… Predict pollen shed dates… Pollen shed prediction… Pay attention to fields… Prevailing winds… Managing pollen drift risk… Physical barriers… Slide 55 Distance barriers… Distance barriers… Slide 58 Border rows… Slide 60 Two birds with one stone… IRM as distance barrier… Slide 63 Time barriers… Slide 65 When grain is contaminated… References PowerPoint Presentation |